Can You File for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) While Living Abroad?

At the Law Offices of Christopher Le, we understand that navigating Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) can be complex, especially for those living outside the United States. A common question we hear is: Can a person file for SSDI while living in another country? The answer is yes, but there are important eligibility requirements and restrictions to consider. In this blog, we’ll break down the key details to help you understand your options.

Yes, you can file for SSDI while abroad, but there are important factors to consider. U.S. citizens living outside the country may still be eligible for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits if they meet the standard requirements, such as having sufficient work credits and a qualifying disability. However, the Social Security Administration (SSA) enforces country-specific rules, and benefits may be restricted or unavailable in certain countries. It’s crucial to consult an experienced disability attorney to navigate these complexities and ensure your application is properly handled from overseas.

Understanding SSDI Eligibility

SSDI is a federal program designed to provide financial assistance to individuals who are disabled and unable to work due to a qualifying medical condition. To be eligible for SSDI, you must:

• Have a disability that meets the Social Security Administration’s (SSA) strict definition of disability.

• Have earned enough work credits through employment covered by Social Security.

• Be a U.S. citizen or, in some cases, a non-citizen who meets specific criteria.

The good news is that living abroad does not automatically disqualify you from filing for or receiving SSDI benefits, provided you meet these eligibility requirements. However, the country you reside in and your citizenship status can impact your ability to receive payments.

Filing for SSDI from Abroad

As a U.S. citizen, you can generally file for SSDI while living in most foreign countries. The SSA allows you to apply for benefits online, regardless of your location, through their website. You can also contact the SSA’s Office of Earnings International Operations (OEIO) or a U.S. embassy or consulate for assistance with your application.

Here’s what you need to know about filing from abroad:

1. Application Process: You can submit your SSDI application online or through a U.S. embassy/consulate. Be prepared to provide medical evidence, work history, and other documentation to support your claim.

2. Direct Deposit: SSDI payments are typically made via direct deposit. The SSA can deposit payments into a U.S. bank account or a foreign bank account in countries that have an international direct deposit agreement with the U.S. Check the SSA’s Payments Abroad Screening Tool to confirm if your country is eligible for direct deposit.

3. Periodic Questionnaires: If approved for SSDI while living abroad, the SSA will send you a questionnaire every 1-2 years to verify your continued eligibility. Failure to complete and return these questionnaires promptly may result in the suspension of your benefits.

Countries Where SSDI Payments Are Restricted

While U.S. citizens can receive SSDI payments in most countries, there are exceptions. The SSA cannot send payments to certain countries due to U.S. Treasury Department regulations or logistical issues. These include:

• Cuba and North Korea: SSDI payments cannot be sent to these countries under any circumstances. However, if you move to an eligible country, you may receive any withheld payments.

• Certain Former Soviet Republics: Countries like Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan have restrictions due to the SSA’s inability to establish secure payment arrangements.

• Other Countries: In a few countries, such as Cambodia and Vietnam, payments may be possible only if you pick up your check in person at a U.S. embassy and meet specific conditions.

Before moving or traveling abroad, use the SSA’s Payments Abroad Screening Tool to confirm whether your country of residence allows SSDI payments. If you’re unsure, the Law Offices of Christopher Le can help you navigate these restrictions.

Non-Citizens and SSDI Abroad

For non-citizens, the rules are more complex. If you’re not a U.S. citizen, you may still qualify for SSDI based on your work credits, but your ability to receive payments abroad depends on:

• Your Country of Citizenship: Citizens of certain countries (listed on the SSA’s website) can receive SSDI payments indefinitely, regardless of how long they live outside the U.S. Others may face restrictions after six consecutive months abroad.

• Residency Requirements: Non-citizens must generally return to the U.S. for at least one full calendar month after six months abroad to continue receiving benefits, unless an exception applies.

If you’re a non-citizen considering applying for SSDI while abroad, consult with an experienced attorney to understand how your citizenship and residency status may affect your eligibility.

Key Considerations for Living Abroad on SSDI

If you plan to live abroad while receiving or applying for SSDI, keep these tips in mind:

• Notify the SSA: If you plan to stay outside the U.S. for 30 consecutive days or more, inform the SSA of your plans, including your new address and contact information. The SSA considers a stay of 30 days or longer as residing abroad.

• Continuing Disability Reviews (CDRs): The SSA conducts periodic reviews to ensure you remain eligible for SSDI. You may be required to return to the U.S. for an in-person medical evaluation, depending on your condition.

• Report Changes Promptly: Notify the SSA immediately of changes in your work status, marital status, address, or medical condition. Failure to report these changes could result in penalties or loss of benefits.

• Tax Implications: SSDI benefits may be taxable, depending on your income. The rules for taxing benefits abroad are the same as those for U.S. residents, but you should consult a tax professional familiar with international tax laws.

How the Law Offices of Christopher Le Can Help

Applying for SSDI from abroad or maintaining benefits while living overseas can be challenging due to the SSA’s complex rules and international restrictions. At the Law Offices of Christopher Le, our experienced attorneys are here to guide you through every step of the process. Whether you’re filing a new claim, appealing a denial, or ensuring compliance with SSA requirements while abroad, we’re committed to helping you secure the benefits you deserve.